Experimental Manipulation of Parental Investment in Echinoid Echinoderms
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
How do changes in parental investment influence development in echinoid echinoderms?
Understanding the relationship between egg size, development time, and juvenile size is critical to explaining patterns of life-history evolution in marine invertebrates. Currently there is conflicting information about the effects of changes in egg size on the life histories of echinoid echinoderms. We sought to resolve this conflict by manipulating egg size and food level during the developme...
متن کاملInterspecific relationships between egg size and the level of parental investment per offspring in echinoderms.
The relationship between the size of an egg and its energy content was analyzed using published data for 47 species of echinoderms. Scaling relationships were evaluated for all species, as well as for subsets of the species, based on mode of development. Regressions were calculated using linear, power function, full allometric, and second-order polynomial models. The full allometric model is pr...
متن کاملAmount of Parental Investment
It is a common assumption in evolutionary theory that a parent will distribute its resources evenly between a set of equivalent oospring. However this paper presents a theoretical model in which uneven parental investment between a set of equivalent oospring can be a preferred evolutionary strategy to equal investment in the same set of oospring. This eeect does not depend on different oospring...
متن کاملParental Care and Investment
Parental care is common throughout the animal kingdom and among caring species there is a bewildering variation in how parents care for offspring, as well as in the amount of resources parents invest in care. For instance, there is considerable variation in the relative parental investment by the sexes – in some species females invest more, in others males invest more, and in some investment is...
متن کاملmanipulation in dubbing and subtitling
پژوهش حاضر در چارچوب مکتب دستکاری قرار گرفت و با استفاده از تقسیم بندی دوکات (2007) از شیوه های دستکاری، به دنبال یافتن پاسخ برای پرسش های زیر بود: 1-رایج ترین شیوه دستکاری در دوبله فیلم ها کدام است؟ 2-رایج ترین شیوه دستکاری در زیرنویس فیلم ها کدام است؟ 3-دستکاری در دوبله فیلم ها رایج تر است یا در زیرنویس آن ها؟ این پژوهش از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی- مقایسه ای و پیکره ای می باشد. پیکره تحقیق شا...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: American Zoologist
سال: 1996
ISSN: 0003-1569
DOI: 10.1093/icb/36.2.169